KDR and neoplasm: However, NRP1 is also expressed in other cells including tumor cells11 and immune cells.12 Although, VEGFR2 is well established as the key receptor behind the proangiogenic signaling of VEGF,13 NRP1 has been shown to play an essential role in VEGF induced endothelial cell migration.14 In addition, several recent studies implicated VEGF/NRP1 axis in tumor-cell autocrine signaling pathways responsible for imparting cancer stemness.15–20