Its current contribution is minimal for the diagnosis, at least compared to that provided by pathology and radiology, since it is almost limited to assessment of a narrow number of biomarkers such as prostate specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer screening, human papilloma virus (HPV) molecular diagnostics for the screening of cervical cancer, or faecal occult blood test (FOBT) for colorectal cancer screening (46-48). The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is prostate cancer.