CXCL9 and infection: We found no significant difference in CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 levels between the CD4-high and CD4-low groups at either the sampling or set-points (Fig. 3b, d); however, levels of all three chemokines were higher in the CD4 < 500 group relative to those in the CD4 ≥ 500 group at the 1-year-infection point (CXCL9, p = 0.0008; CXCL10, p = 0.0242; CXCL11, p = 0.0106) (Fig. 3f).