The Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain of TLRs, found in the majority of TLRs including the ones downregulated in our CRC cohort, in association with myeloid differentiation primary-response protein 88 (MyD88), is responsible for downstream signaling including NF-kB activation and inflammatory cytokine induction to illicit an adaptive immune response [31]. This evidence concerns the gene MYD88 and colorectal carcinoma.