SPDEF and prostate carcinoma: We found that PDEF-PC3 and PDEF-DU145 cells have higher YAP1 protein levels as compared to VC-PC3/VC-DU145 cells, suggesting that YAP1 levels can be restored by PDEF, which may, as such, re-sensitize the advanced prostate cancers to regulators of the Hippo signaling pathway.