CASP3 and infection: To elucidate the kinetics of HIV infection in RLW cells and its connection to apoptosis, we measured the levels of HIVgag RNA and p24, adduction of cell proteins with 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) release (2′, 7′-dichlorofluorescein fluorescence method, DCF) as well as cleaved caspase-3 at days 1, 3, and 5 post-infection (Figure 4).