CDK1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma: 6-Gingerol has been previously shown to inhibit tumor cell growth through downregulation of cell-cycle regulators CDK1, cyclin A, and cyclin B1 and by repressing cyclin D1 in colorectal cancer cells [24], by activating caspases 3 and 9 and modulating mitochondrial functions in human gastric cancer cells [11], by inhibiting protein expression of the cyclin family and mTOR pathway in human cervical adenocarcinoma cells [15], by decreasing cyclin A and CDK expression, and by altering MAPK and PI3K–AKT pathways in pancreatic cancer cells [12].