ATF4 and microcephaly: CRISPR/Cas9 disruption of these genes recapitulated the microcephaly in mice and zebrafish and knockdown of OSGEP, TP53RK, TPRKN resulted in impaired protein translation, ER stress and the activation of the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 and IRE1α-XBP1 pathways [82].