For instance, some studies have shown that high infiltration of TAMs correlates with poor prognosis in breast, gastric, oral, ovarian, bladder and thyroid cancer10–14, and blockade of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), essential for the recruitment, differentiation, and survival of TAMs, reduces the TAM infiltration and their immunosuppressive functions, which impairs tumor progression15–17. Here, CSF1R is linked to neoplasm.