TNF and neoplasm: Moreover, consistent with the early increase in M1-polarized macrophage-produced cytokines detected by RT-qPCR, the normalized protein levels of TNF-α, CXCL9 and CXCL10 determined by the cytokine assay in LLC tumor lysates also revealed the early increase in Cav-2 KO compared to WT at day 5 (Fig. 3C).