Although TDZD-8 attenuated TGF-β mediated induction myofibroblast biomarkers (α-SMA and collagen), only the highest dose (40 μM) was effective at blocking TGF-β mediated increases in α-SMA and collagen (Fig. 4E,F) in both NF and IPF cells. Here, ACTA1 is linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.