For example, similar results with ours were observed in the gut of PD patients where elevated GFAP and cytokines including IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α were detected, which implied that enteric inflammation might play a role in the intestinal tract change in PD patients.21 Therefore, it was reasonable to speculate that inflammation present in the peripheral somatosensory nerve may cause these sensory disturbances. Here, TNF is linked to Parkinson disease.