BRAF and pilocytic astrocytoma: For example, the now well-known driver genetic alterations for pilocytic astrocytoma and pilomyxoid astrocytoma have been characterized in the MAPK pathway (most commonly BRAF-KIAA1459 fusion, but also NF1 mutations, BRAF V600E mutation, BRAF intragenic deletions, and BRAF fusions with other partners).