For instance, assessment of ER-α, ER-β and PR levels in 176 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cases in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), as displayed in the Human Protein Atlas/Pathology Atlas portal (www.proteinatlas.org), reveals an overall low mRNA expression of ER-α, ER-β and PR (average FPKM 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4, respectively). This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.