Relational memory was intact in both our mouse models with gene mutations in Nlgn3. There is currently no available cognitive data measuring transitive inference in individuals with mutations in NLGN3. For the two brothers with the NLGN3 R451C point mutation, clinical notes reveal the eldest has autism with intellectual disability and the younger brother autism with Asperger’s syndrome [47, 50] highlighting the importance of genetic background on phenotypic variability. Here, NLGN3 is linked to autism spectrum disorder 1.