CCND3 and Familial prostate cancer: Finally, the caspase-independent apoptosis, triggered by the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation by berry juices, appeared similar to XFC treatments, to involve cell cycle arrest, as evidenced by downregulation in the expression of Cdk4, Cdk6, Cyclin D1, and Cyclin D3 in PC-3 prostate cancer cells [46].