We demonstrated that lung cancer patients with high CD133 + CD326− EV concentrations had 2.6 times higher risk of death, compared to those with lower CD133 + CD326− EV peripheral blood concentrations (HR 2.60; 95% CI 1.26–5.37; p=0.01; Figure 2(b), Supplementary ). This evidence concerns the gene PROM1 and lung carcinoma.