Our results emphasize transient increase in G-CSF cannot drive this persistent anemia in burn patients, Therefore, based on the persistent increase in catecholamines in burn patients and our preliminary data with beta 2 and 3 adrenergic blockade (47) we speculate that sympathetic stimulation of beta3 adrenergic receptors could play a predominant role in burn induced EBIMØ phenotype. Here, CSF3 is linked to anemia.