BGLAP and Cognitive impairment: Emerging work suggests that the hormone osteocalcin, which is produced exclusively in bones and maintained or increased with exercise, can act on the brain and may mitigate anxiety and cognitive deficits (Obri et al., 2018; Shan et al., 2019); this is particularly relevant to teams in space, where exposure to the microgravity environment can reduce osteocalcin levels without sufficient exercise (Smith et al., 1999; Garrett-Bakelman et al., 2019).