TNF and bipolar disorder: In their study in patients with bipolar disorder (n = 83), another group of researchers described higher blood levels of sICAM-1 (and higher IL-6, but lower tumor necrosis factor-α and lower sVCAM) in both acute and remission phases of the disorder than in age-, sex-, and body-mass–matched healthy controls (n = 73) (Pantovic-Stefanovic et al., 2016).