In line with our study focusing on immune checkpoint blockade (Taggart et al., 2018), another study in melanoma has shown inhibition of brain colonization by melanoma cell line once subcutaneous tumors of the same type have been rejected following intra-tumoral administration of IFNβ-expressing insect cells, but not when a different s.c. tumor type was rejected (Lu et al., 2003). This evidence concerns the gene IFNB1 and melanoma.