Compared with the SLE group, the mRNA expression of Skp2 in the SLE + VD3 and SLE + VD3 + VDRinsert groups was significantly decreased, while that of p27 was significantly increased, with the changes in the SLE + VD3 + VDRinsert group being more significant (p < 0.05; Fig. 12a). This evidence concerns the gene SKP2 and systemic lupus erythematosus.