In addition, upon KPNA4 depletion, miR143/145 targeted not only Ras but also RREB1 in some cells (Supplementary Fig. 7) [27], therefore blockage KPNA4-RREB1 transport has advantage to effectively suppress Ras/ERK signaling in HNSCC. Here, KPNA4 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.