The set of seven serum biosignatures, comprised of apolipoprotein-A1, CRP, complement factor H, IFN-γ, IP-10, serum amyloid A and transthyretin, and a panel of five other serum biomarkers, including IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-18, CRP and MIG, showed potential in screening for TB in African countries endemic for HIV infection [8,27]. Here, APOA1 is linked to HIV infectious disease.