BRAF and neoplasm: Activation of PGE2 synthesis in BRAF-mutant melanoma has also been shown to modulate the tumour microenvironment, specifically leading to increased immune evasion via recruitment of immune suppressive cells.40 Our data suggest that the increased production of PGE2 following acquired resistance to vemurafenib could dampen immune surveillance in the tumour microenvironment further contributing to uncontrolled tumour growth.