PKD1 and pancreatic neoplasm: mTORC1 inactivation by rapamycin is known to be critical for glucose metabolism.37,33 Rapamycin binds to the FK506-binding protein of 12 kDa (FKBP12) and inhibits the activity of mTORC1.38 Our findings demonstrate that mTORC1 activation by PKD1 regulates metabolic alterations in pancreatic cancer cells.