Based on previous studies which have demonstrated the glucose-lowering effects of PFB in this model, which was coupled with modulation of lipid and insulin metabolic profiles in the Nile Grass rats, the questions raised were whether NGR rat brains would show similar signs of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative changes characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease attributable to T2DM in humans and whether such neuropathology might be mitigated by a dose of PFB known to deter their T2DM. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.