It was recognized that identified loci encode multiple proteins that play a role in innate immunity against microbes (DEFA, CARD9, ITGAM-ITGAX, VAV3), complement activation (CFHR1/3, ITGAM-ITGAX), intestinal mucosal barrier maintenance, and regulation of mucosal IgA production (TNFSF13, LIF/OSM) and are thus also related with other immune-related diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (Table 6) [52,53,54,55,57]. Here, ITGAM is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.