In good agreement with very limited cDC involvement in CD8+ T cell priming during EBV infection, mutant EBV viruses that lack EBV-encoded small non-coding RNAs (EBERs) as the main pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) that was described to activate cDCs [25], replicate to the same viral loads in HIS mice and expand CD8+ T cells to the same extent as wild-type EBV. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is Epstein-Barr virus infection.