To target T24 urothelial carcinoma cells, expressing Glypican-1, silica-coated UCNP (UCNP@SiO2) were conjugated with a Glypican-1 monoclonal antibody MIL-38, by using LPG linker, resulting in targeted upconversion nanoconjugates UCNP@SiO2-LPG-MIL-38 (Figure 1). Here, GPC1 is linked to urothelial carcinoma.