PTGS2 and cancer: Molecular mechanisms suggested to contribute to the multiple advantages of omega-3 fatty acids include: 1) suppression of the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in malignant cells, thus reducing proliferation of these cells and consequently decreasing angiogenesis in them; 2) reduction of expression of AP-1 and ras, two oncogenes involved in tumor progression; 3) induction of differentiation in malignant cells; 4) repression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB) and bcl-2 expression, hence allowing apoptosis of cancer cells; and 5) decreased cancer-induced cachexia [8].