We found the ROS scavenger NAC notably decreased CCH-induced over-expression of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1 and cleaved IL-1β, indicating that ROS accumulation might play a critical role in the activation of the NLRP3-CASP1 inflammasome signaling after CCH. Here, NLRP3 is linked to columnar cell hyperplasia of the breast.