Arbelaiz et al. analyzed the expression of exosomal proteins in the blood of HCC patients and healthy people, and found that G3BP and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) were significantly elevated in the exosomes of the former, and the prediction efficacy of these two proteins for HCC is superior to the widely used marker AFP [206]. This evidence concerns the gene G3BP1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.