Cytokine production was determined after stimulation with Pam3Cys (median (pg/ml), IL-1β—0 and 32.9, IL-6—1058.9 and 1600.7, IL-8—1529.2 and 1740.6, and TNF-α—193.6 and 402.1 for T2D and healthy, respectively), LPS (median (pg/ml), IL-1β—213.4 and 246.0, IL-6—11762.8 and 21460.7, IL-8—2382.5 and 1030.6, IL-10—0 and 7.2, and TNF-α—1830.6 and 1660.9 for T2D and healthy, respectively), and M. tuberculosis infection (median (pg/ml), IL-1β—23.3 and 153.0, IL-6—827.1 and 2673.6, and IL-8—913.3 and 1832.8 for T2D and healthy, respectively). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and type 2 diabetes mellitus.