IL6 and infection: Although MAVS, the adaptor protein of RIG-I receptor, has been shown to be important for host protection against several other flavivirus infections,24,53 mice lacking the signaling adapter MAVS exhibited no weight loss, morbidity, or mortality following WT ZIKV infection.54 In line with these findings, our data suggest that MAVS is dispensable for triggering type 1 IFNs and IL-6 production, and control of virus replication following ZIKV NS4B-C100S infection in macrophages.