by CLRs including Dectin-1 results in interleukin (IL)-12 production by DCs and macrophages (which promotes Th1 cell immunity that is required for protection against systemic fungal infections), and in secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-23 (which promote Th17 immunity that is crucial for restraining oropharyngeal and mucocutaneous fungal infections) [15] (Figure 1). The gene discussed is LARS1; the disease is fungal infectious disease.