GPT and opisthorchiasis: Euryarchaeota, belong to archaea, is mainly composed of methanogenic bacteria which indirectly affects the health of the human body.34 Abundance of Actinobacteria increased in acute‐on‐chronic alcohol mice while decreased in cirrhotic patients.35, 36 Increased Synergistetes was found in bile from individuals with opisthorchiasis.37 As mentioned above, these bacterial abundances are altered in several diseases, but it is difficult to clarify how these bacteria affect the level of ALT/AST.