Furthermore, the transcription factor ZBTB32, which is associated with adaptive NK cell responses following murine cytomegalovirus infection, was also upregulated in CD49a+ compared to CD49a- NK cells from PBC patients (p < 0.001, FDR < 0.01, Supplementary Table 1) (42, 43). Here, ITGA1 is linked to cytomegalovirus infection.