QPCR analysis showed that the expression trend of 10 genes between the co-infection and control groups (IL-17C, NFκB, AP1, C/EBPβ, CXCL1, CXCL8, MMP1, MMP3, GM-CSF, and MUC5AC) was consistent with the RNA-seq results. Here, MMP3 is linked to coinfection.