CTHRC1 and neoplasm: CTHRC1 can be upregulated to promote tumor growth (in vitro and in vivo) by several mechanisms, such as the demethylation of the CTHRC1 promoter and canonical WNT signaling, and can be inhibited by a group of microRNAs to reduce cancer growth (in vitro and in vivo) in many tumors, such as gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and oral cancer [14, 18, 48–50].