In multivariable Cox analysis after adjustment for age, sex, dialysis vintage, BMI, predialysis SBP, etiology of ESRD, functional status, history of hypertension, diabetes, or cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), hemoglobin, serum albumin, and HbA1c, the use of CVC still showed the highest risk of all-cause mortality in all sCCI groups compared with the use of AVF. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is diabetes mellitus.