Although not specifically reported in AML, the redox regulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB), redox-factor 1 (Ref-1), activator protein 1 (AP-1), p53, and hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) have all been described (reviewed in [18,108]). Here, APEX1 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.