Comparable to neutrophil depletion (Figs 3D and EV2D), continuous treatment of mice that develop adenomas with either a TGFβ receptor inhibitor or a MMP2/9 inhibitor directly after adenoma initiation led to reduced average tumor size (Fig 5D and E), suggesting that both MMP9 and TGFβ promote colon adenoma growth. The gene discussed is MMP9; the disease is colon adenoma.