It has been approved for clinical use for the treatment of IPF and has been shown to attenuate TGF‐β function and improve vital capacity in IPF patients.73 However, because of the pleiotropy of TGF‐β in maintaining normal tissue function and prevention of deleterious responses to self‐antigens or innocuous stimuli, there is a concern that systemic blockade of TGF‐β signalling might have severe complications and result in dysregulated immune responses. Here, TGFB1 is linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.