Lentiviral-mediated (Supplementary Fig. 5a) LRIG1 overexpression (Supplementary Fig. 7a, b) in AR− PCa cells, Du145 and PPC-1, inhibited tumor incidence and/or tumor growth (weight) in NOD/SCID mice (Fig. 2a, b), which was associated with decreased cell proliferation (Ki-67+ cells) and slightly increased cell death (cleaved lamin A+ cells) in endpoint tumors (Fig. 2c, d). Here, AR is linked to neoplasm.