Indeed, the loss of IKKα in these unrelated human NSCLC cell lines enhanced their growth as tumor xenografts in immune-compromised NSG mice, indicating that IKKα loss also rapidly collaborates with pre-existing genetic and/or epigenetic alterations in malignant human NSCLCs to make them more aggressively growing cancers. This evidence concerns the gene CHUK and non-small cell lung carcinoma.