Based on previous findings of a relationship between the positively selected 136Thr variant and greater anxiety, we hypothesize that the two human-specific substitutions of VMAT1 have led to more anxious and depressed human minds over the course of evolution from ancestral primates to modern humans, until the new “hyperfunction allele” (136Ile) [44] with less psychiatric phenotypes emerged. The gene discussed is SLC18A1; the disease is Anxiety.