EDN1 and neoplasm: In this axis, the mitogenic peptide ET‐1 binds to the cancer‐related receptor, ETAR, which cross‐activates various signaling pathways that lead to tumor development, including the Wnt/β‐catenin, Ras/MAPK, and PI3K/Akt pathways (Coffman et al., 2013; Puglisi et al., 2011; Rosanò et al., 2013).