UBE2C and breast cancer: UBE2C is considered to be a crucial factor upregulated in various malignancies, including breast cancer, melanoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, colorectal cancer and gastric cancer (Kraft et al., 2017; Ma et al., 2018; Palumbo Jr et al., 2016; Pellino et al., 2016; Qin et al., 2017).