STAT3 and glioblastoma: In the present study, investigating if glioblastoma patients also exhibit high levels of STAT3 and the associated STAT5A, we performed RNAseq analysis of the GDC-TCGA glioblastoma cohort and demonstrated that both primary and recurrent glioblastoma patients have higher expression of STAT3 and STAT5. Consistent with past evidence showing aberrant STAT activity in glioblastoma cell lines, immunohistochemical analysis revealed amplified STAT3/5A expression in primary and recurrent GBM.