More recently, dendritic cells exposed in vitro to BPZE1 pertussis vaccine have been shown to be capable of generating unconventional CD4+/CD8+ regulatory T cells characterized by high levels of ecto-enzymes belonging to both canonical (CD39/CD73) and non-canonical (CD38/CD203a/CD73) adenosinergic pathways. The gene discussed is NT5E; the disease is pertussis.